Territorial Expansion of European Union Economic Law

Jean Monnet Chair

The application of EU law considers an appropriate link with the territory of the Union to respect the basic principle of territoriality enshrined in public international law.

However, in some cases, public international law allows states to exercise their jurisdiction extraterritoriality. We found exceptions to the principle of territoriality, namely those arising from the application of the following principles or theories: i) Objective territoriality; ii) Universality; iii) “Effective control”; iv) Nationality; v) “Substantial connection”; vi) Effects.

Over the years, EU economic Law has been expanding its territory, by applying exceptions to the principle of territoriality and adding new elements of connection. This phenomenon – that we designate the “extraterritoriality of EU economic law” – ca n be noticed in different branches of law, like competition law, Food law and consumer law, Environmental law and Trade law.

Briefly what we tried to do during this project was:

to understand how the new approach of EU concerning the territory principle according to EU economic law ant the ECJ case law;
to understand how EU economic law is applied and how the acquis Communautaire is being received in neighbouring countries of the EU, namely pre-accession countries;
to understand how EU economic law is applied in third countries;
Understand how international economic relations pursued by the EU can help to foster EU economic law worldwide.

Impact, Visibility and Dissemination

The main impact of this action was to, in one hand, to give students and other parties the knowledge to better understand the European Union Economic Law. The courses contributed for training students and professionals and to increase knowledge on European Studies not only in Portugal and Europe, but also in third countries.

As the main outcomes and impacts of this action are:

a) The ability to reach out to students and workers – both in the public and private sectors –, offering them courses and discussion spaces where it is possible to understand the impacts of European economic law. With these activities, it was possible to generate new knowledge regarding the processes that characterize European economic law, recognizing that the topics dealt with stem directly from the needs of all participants and society

b) Participation in research networks and other projects, namely the Building Rights and Developing knowledge between European Union and Latin America – BRIDGE”. In order to promote discussion regarding the impact of European economic law between various countries, the action's coordinator participated in research networks – the “Integration, State and Governance” research network – which included other Professors who were also awarded the Jean Monnet Chair. As well as the BRIDGE project, which incorporates several universities: Federal University of Santa Catarina (Brazil), University of Lisbon (Lisbon), University of Seville (Spain), University of Milan (Italy), National Autonomous University (Mexico), of Buenos Aires (Argentina) and the University of Rosario (Colombia). This project is part of two core points of this Chair: the study of the extraterritoriality of European economic law, as well as the study of these issues in developing countries. The sharing of knowledge between academics from different countries promoted the discussion that has already promoted the holding of three conferences to debate: trade and investment relations between the European Union and Latin America; migration and citizenship in the EU and Latin America; and, building rights and developing knowledge between the European Union and Latin America”

c) The seven publications that resulted from the interactions between the coordinator, academics and practitioners from Portugal, Europe and other countries outside the European Union and Europe. With these publications, namely the published books, it was possible to contribute to excellence and innovation both in terms of teaching this subject and in its research. Furthermore, the modernization, internationalization, and trans-nationalization of the conventional curriculum in these subjects was promoted.

The communication, dissemination and visibility strategy developed was one of the most important actions throughout all the implementation of the project. This was the most concrete and easy way to share the results and activities, to raise awareness of the target stakeholders, to direct communicate with them, as well as the creation of a network related to the topics addressed in this action.

We were able to foster knowledge of specialists (academics and researchers) and non-specialists (students and professionals) on this particular issue of the EU integration process by using the following websites:

In here we share the programmes of the courses and conferences, papers, e-books, studies and reports, and other information considered relevant.

A section was created on the website of the European Institute to share all the activities, conferences, participations in events, and publications regarding the Coordinator of the Chair:

https://institutoeuropeu.eu/atividades/catedra-jean-monnet

We were able to use the social media webpage of the European Institute and of IDEFF which have a significant number of followers (https://www.facebook.com/institutoeuropeu.fdul/ ; https://pt.linkedin.com/in/instituto-europeu-faculdade-de-direito-de-lisboa-a247b130 ; https://www.facebook.com/IDEFF.FDUL ).

All the articles published are in “open source” access. In relation to the books, they are not in open access – except for the eBooks – but they can be consulted on the premises of the European institute.

The book at the end of the project will be published by an international editor, similar to those that have been publishing books where the applicant is author (v.g. Palgrave and Springer) so that it can be sold worldwide.

Even though the financial support of this project will end, we compromise to continue to offer the courses regarding these themes, especially the Postgraduate Course in Postgraduate Course in Public Procurement, International and European Law, National and Competition Law. As well, promoting meetings and conferences, that will build a stronger and more robust network, able to influence and diagnose how the extraterritoriality of the EU economic law can and will continue to influence our lives and our States.

Over the course of the project, more than 400 students participated in our courses and activities.

Publications

i. Rodrigues, N. C. (2018), “A regulação da economia colaborativa pela União Europeia”, Revista da Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Lisboa, LVIX (2), 59-62. (EU Economic Regulation)

ii. Rodrigues, N.C, Diz, J. M. & Caldas, R. G. (2019), “Perspetivas Luso-Brasileiras sobre Contratação Pública”, Lisboa, Associação Académica da Faculdade de Direito de Lisboa. (Public Procurement in Portugal and Brazil)

iii. Rodrigues, N. C. (2019), “The regulation of collaborative economy in the European Union”, UNIO – EU Law Journal, 5(1), 40-53.

iv. Cabral, N. C & Rodrigues, N. C (2019) (eds.), The Future of Pension Plans in EU Internal Market – Coping with Trade-Offs Between Social Rights and Capital Markets, Chan, Switzerland.

v. Rodrigues, N. C (2021) (ed.), Extraterritoriality of EU Economic Law – The Application of EU Economic Law Outside the Territory of the EU, Cham, Switzerland.

vi. Rodrigues, N. C. (2021), “A cooperação internacional no âmbito das políticas de concorrência dos PALOP”, in Dário Vicente et al. (2021), Estudos Comemorativos dos 30 anos de cooperação – Entre a Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de Lisboa e a Faculdade de Direito da Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Lisboa, Associação Académica da Faculdade de Direito de Lisboa. (Competition Policies in Portuguese Speaking Countries)

vii. Rodrigues, N. C. & Cunha, A. (2022) (eds.), Portuguese Economic Development and External Funding in the Modern Era, Brighton, Sussex Academic Press.

Implemented activities

Conferences organized by the Chair

i. Conference “Globalization of EU Competition Law: Jean Monnet Chair”, November 7, 2018 - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/564-conferencia-a-globalizacao-do-direito-europeu-da-concorrencia-catedra-jean-monnet

251 participants
Speakers: Minister of Economy, Pedro Siza Vieira; Margrethe Vestager, European Commissioner for Competition; Margarida Matos rosa, President of Portuguese Competition Authority; and Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, Jean Monnet Chair.

ii. Conference “Brexit from a Scotland point of view”, April 8, 2019 - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/582-conferencia-o-brexit-visto-da-escocia

73 participants
Speakers: Prof. Dr. Kristyn Inglis and Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues, Jean Monnet Chair

iii. Conference “ The Extraterritoriality of EU Law and the partnership agreements in the field on sustainable fisheries”, May 31, 2019 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/588-conferencia-a-extraterritorialidade-do-direito-da-uniao-europeia-e-os-acordos-de-parceria-no-dominio-da-pesca-sustentavel

112 participants
Speakers: Glliardo Nascimento (Minister of Maritime Economy, Cape Verde), Mussá Mané (FISCAP Coordinator, Guinea Bissau)Prof. Dr. Regina Salvador (NOVA University Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Rute Saraiva (University of Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Rui Guerra da Fonseca (University of Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Miguel Prata Roque (University of Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues (University of Lisbon, Jean Monnet Chair) , Prof. Dr. Carlos Teijo García (University of Santiago de Compostela), Prof. Dr. Ferando Loureiro Bastos (University of Lisbon)

iv. Conference “Which European Union is this?”, July 12, 2019 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/591-conferencia-que-uniao-europeia-e-esta

150 participants
Speakers: Prof. Dr. Manuel Porto (University of Coimbra), Rui Tavares, Diogo Feio (University of Porto), Prof. Dr. Eduardo Paz Ferreira (University of Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Alice Cunha (NOVA University Lisbon), Dr. Jorge Félix Cardoso (University of Porto), Prof. Dr. João Ferreira do Amaral (ISEG – Lisbon School of Economic & Management), Paulo Sande (Universidade Católica Portuguesa), Prof. Dr. Ana Guerra Martins (University of Lisbon), Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues (University of Lisbon, Jean Monnet Chair), Tomás Cardoso Pereira.

v. Conference cycle "Portuguese Presidency of the Council of the European Union"

Conference I “COVID-19: the return of the plague?”, November 12, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/611-ciclo-de-conferencias-conferencia-i-covid-19-o-regresso-da-peste
Conference II “How do we look at the European Union today?”, November 19, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/613-ii-sessao-como-olhamos-para-a-uniao-europeia-hoje
Conference III “Social Europe: Combating Inequalities”, November 26, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/614-iii-sessao-a-europa-social-combate-as-desigualdades
Conference IV “European Union: New financial responses”, December 3, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/616-iv-sessao-uniao-europeia-novas-respostas-financeiras
Conference V “European Union, Rule of law and Human Rights: Do rights fall to?”, December 10, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/617-v-sessao-uniao-europeia-estado-de-direito-e-direitos-humanos-os-direitos-tambem-se-abatem
Conference VI “Digital transition: the changing world?”, December 18, 2020 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/622-vi-sessao-transicao-digital-o-mundo-em-mudanca
Total of participants in all cycle: 597
Speakers: Anabela Pedroso (Secretary of State of Justice), Carlos Molina del Pozo (University of Alcalá), Nazaré da Costa Cabral (Chair of the Council of Public Finances), manuel Carvalho da Silva (CoLABOR), António Costa e Silva (Mister of Economy), Constantino Sakellarides (Former Director General of Health), António Correia de Campos (Former Minister of Health)

vi. Conference “Relações comerciais e de investimento entre a União Europeia e a América Latina”, March 15, 2021, online conference

190 participants
Speakers: Prof. Dr. Augusto Santos Silva (Minister for Foreign Affairs), José Manuel Fernandes (European Parliament Deputy), Ignacio Ybañez (European Union Ambassador to Brazil), Carmen Moreno Toscano (Secretary of External Relations, Mexico), Santiago Deluca (former Secretary of Permanent Court of Mercosur Review), Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues (University of Lisbon, Jean Monnet Chair)

vii. Conference “Extraterritoriality of EU Economic Law”, May 12 and 13, 2022, Lisbon

93 participants
Speakers: Prof. Dr. Peter Berhens (University of Hamburg), Prof. Dr. Marek Martyniszyn (Queen’s University of Belfast), Prof. Dr. Pieter Huizing (Allen & Overy’s/Leiden University), Pedro Caro de Sousa (OCDE), Prof. Dr. Francis Snyder (University of Ais-Marseille), Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues (University of Lisbon, Jean Monnet Chair), Prof. Dr. Ramses Wessel (University of Groningen), Prof. Dr. Elaine Fahey (University of London), Prof. Dr. Luskasz Dabrowski (SGH Warsae School of Economics), Dabiel Favoretto Rocha (FGV Law School), Prof. Dr. Carlos Molin del Pozo (University of Alcalá), Prof. Dr. Jamile Mata Diz (Federal University of Minas Gerais), Prof. Dr. Augusto Jeager Junior (Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul), Prof. Dr. Alexandre Veronese (Federal University of Brasilia).

Courses organized around the Chair

i. Postgraduate Course The European Law in Action (February 22 to May 18, 2019) - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/575-pos-graduacao-o-direito-europeu-em-acao-2019

Number of Students:13

ii. Postgraduate Course in Law and Practice of Structural Funds Application (February 22 to May 11, 2019) - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/577-pos-graduacao-direito-e-pratica-da-aplicacao-de-fundos-estruturais

Number of Students: 13

iii. II Postgraduate Course in Economic Law and Social Investment (March 1 to May 3, 2019) - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/571-ii-curso-de-pos-graduacao-em-direito-da-economia-e-do-investimento-social

Number of Students: 22

iv. VI, VII, VIII, IX Postgraduate Course in Public Procurement, International and European Law, National and Competition Law, since 2018 to 2022 - https://institutoeuropeu.eu/atividades/cursos/pos-graduacao-em-direito-da-contratacao-publica

Total Number of Students in the four editions: 120

Participation of the Coordinator in other events Conferences

i. WinterCampCEmp, March 22 to 24, 2019, Ílhavo, Portugal

ii. Annual Meeting of European Law faculties Association (ELFA), April 11 and 12, Turim, Italy

iii. XXVIII ELRA General Assembly, intervention about “Smart Contracts data and Land Registration”, November 22,2019, Roterdam

iv. “EU Law, Competition, and International Trade – New Year’s Resolution” in the “Economic Freedoms, Market Regulation and Brexit – “Après nous, Le deluge or Much Ado about Nothing”, January 20, 2020

v. “Brasil em tempos de crise – Perspetivas e desafios para a União Europeia e o mundo no global”, April 27, 2020, online conference

vi. Webinar “A União Europeia, o Multilateralismo e o mundo pós COVID-19: oportunidades e desafios”, May 19, 2020, online conference

vii. Webinar “Efeitos Extra-Territoriais do Direito da União Europeia: Concorrência, Proteção de Dados, Ambiente”, June 16, 2020, online conference

viii. Conference “A União Europeia, o multilateralismo e o mundo pós-COVID-19: oportunidades e desafios”, August 12, 2020, online conference.

ix. II Webminar Internacional “Política Exterior, segurança e estratégia: Relações Europa e América do Sul”, September 22, 2020, online conference

x. Conference “A Adesão do Brasil ao Acordo de Contratações Públicas da OMC: o que poderá mudar?”, November 4, 2020, online conference

xi. Conference “Steering the future: Green Sustainable and Digital Procurement” (Keynote speaker), May 7, 2021, online conference

xii. Conference “Semana da Europa”, May 2021, online conference

xiii. Conference “VI Congresso Eurolatinoamericano sobre Integración (jurídica, económica y político-social)”, June 23, 24 and 25, 2021

xiv. Conference “Conferência de Encerramento do Fórum do Mercado Único”, June 25, 2021, online conference

xv. Conference “VIII Simpósio de Direito Internacional da Universidade Federal do Ceará” September 10, 2021, online conference

xvi. Seminar “II Jean Monnet Network – BRIDGE Seminar Migration and Citizenship in the European Union and Latin America”, November 9, 2021, online conference

xvii. Conference “II Conferência sobre Concorrência e Regulação Económica”, December 17, 2021, online conference

xviii. Conference “Invasão da Ucrânia: uma nova ordem nas relações internacionais?”, March 7, 2022, online conference

xix. Conference “III Jean Monnet Network Meeting – Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México”, March 28 to 30, Mexico.

Other Events

i. XVIII Meeting of the Integration, Sate and Governance Research Network and the Jean Monnet Chairs of the University of Lisbon and The Federal University of Minas Gerais, January 28, 2019 - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/atividades/catedra-jean-monnet#conferencias-e-eventos

ii. Visit from Students of University of Temple, Rome to the European Institute regarding the Jean Monnet Chair, March 29, 2019 - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/atividades/catedra-jean-monnet#conferencias-e-eventos

iii. Debate “Why the world isn’t waiting util nest time…I will vote now!”, April 2, 2019 - https://www.institutoeuropeu.eu/noticias/580-debate-porque-o-mundo-nao-vai-esperar-ate-a-proxima-vez-desta-vez-eu-votos

iv. Class of Economic Law of the European Union, May 20, 2019, taught by Prof. Dr. Tomas Sejkora and Prof. Dr. Michael Kohaja (Czech Republic)

v. Meeting with Prof. Dr. Adi Ayal from the Bar-Ilan University of Israel to discuss the reach of the application of competition law in Portugal and Israel, and in particular the extraterritorial effect of EU Economic Law in Israel. July 9, 2019, Lisbon.

vi. Professor Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues taught a session in the Center for Legal in the Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil, September 2, 2019.

vii. Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues participate in the seminar on the Extraterritoriality Effects of EU Economic Law – EU Law Beyond the Union, organized by the Research Group for EU/EEA Competition and Market Law and Bergen Center for Competition Law and Economics (BECCLE), on October 2, 2019.

viii. Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues taught a session about “International rules about Public Procurement and the Comercial Agreement between the EU and the Mercosur”, 22 November, 2019, Rome

ix. XXIII Meeting of the Research Network “Integration, State and Governance”, January 27, 2020

x. Joint declaration on the future of the European Union, 10 June 2020. The IELEPI+ network is an international research network made up of experts in European Union law. On June 10, the members of the network approved and signed the “Common Declaration on the Future of the European Union”, available in the original version.

xi. Faculty of Law submits application to Jean Monnet network project (2020). In the past, the Faculty of Law of the University of Lisbon submitted an application for a Jean Monnet network project, involving five universities of international prestige (Seville, in Spain; Studi di Milano, Italy; National Autonomous of Mexico ; Buenos Aires, Argentina and Rosario, Colombia) as well as the Federal University of Santa Catarina, in Brazil, as the coordinating entity.

Project Team

Prof. Dr. Nuno Cunha Rodrigues CIDEEFF/University of Lisbon (Coordinator)

Prof. Dr. Eduardo Paz Ferreira CIDEEFF/University of Lisbon

Prof. Dr. Jamile Mata Diz Federal University of Minas Gerais

Prof. Dr. Kirstyn Inglis University of São Paulo

Prof. Dr. Carlos Molina Del Pozo Universitu of Alcalá

Prof. Dr. Ignacio Herrera Anchustegui University of Bergen

Prof. Dr. Marek Martyniszyn Queen’s University Belfast

Prof. Dr. Pedro Infante Mota CIDEEFF/University of Lisbon

Prof. Dr. Rute Saraiva CIDEEFF/University of Lisbon

Prof. Dr. Miguel Sousa Ferro CIDEEFF/University of Lisbon

Duration: 2018-2022 (49 months)